Stinging nettle resembles clearweed ( Pilea pumila), a non-toxic but unpalatable plant, but clearweed has no stinging hairs. Male flowers can be yellow or purple, while female flowers are green and white. The tiny flowers are arranged in inflorescences that hang off the stems like catkins. Stinging nettle is dioecious, which means plants can have either male or female flowers. The trichomes inject formic acid, histamines, and other chemicals into your skin, which is what causes the sting. The tips break off when touched, unsheathing the sharp needles. The stinging hairs, called trichomes, are hollow like hypodermic needles with protective tips. True to its name, stinging nettle imparts a painful sting through tiny hairs on the underside of its leaves and on its stems. Smaller, younger leaves are more heart-shaped.
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