The Dialogue remained on the Index list of prohibited books for 200 years. In 1664 it prohibited The Dialogue of Galileo, which put forth for consideration the same possibility-that the sun, rather than the earth, could be considered to be at the center of the universe. In 1616 it prohibited Copernicus book, De Revolutionibus, and maintained that Copernican astronomy was false and contrary to Holy Scripture. Published during Galileos lifetime and prior to the pontificate of Urban VIII, the Index-also known as the Index Librorum Prohibitorum-was a list of books which Roman Catholics were forbidden by Church authority to read unless they were expurgated or changed. No other process in the annals of canon or common law has ricocheted through history with more meanings, more consequences, more conjecture, more regrets. There was only one trial of Galileo, and yet it seems there were a thousand the suppression of science by religion, the defense of individualism against authority, the clash between revolutionary and establishment, the challenge of radical new discoveries to ancient beliefs, the struggle against intolerance for freedom of thought and freedom of speech. In the 1990s, the Pope recognized the validity of Darwins Origin of the Species and of Galileos sun-centered universe.However, the movement culmainted in the birth of Protestant churches, putting the Roman church on the defensive. Urban VIII: Roman Pope elected Aug July 29,1644īegun in Germany, Reformation leaders set out to reform the Roman Catholic Church.The Edict of 1616 called the theory false & contrary to Scripture. It was thus suspended to prevent further spread of prejudice against ∼atholic truth. He wrote De revolutionibus, just prior to his death, to put forth the theory of a sun- centered universe. In 1559 it published an index of forbidden books.Ī time that marks the transition from the medieval era to the modern world.
It was reorganized in 1542 and assumed supervision of printing in Italy. The Inquisition: Established by the Roman Church in the 13th century and active until modern times, the Inquisition engaged chiefly in combatting and punishing heresy.Ptolemaic system: The theory that places a fixed earth at the center of the universe with other heavenly bodies in rotation around it.Greek mathematician, astronomer geographer Let's begin by noting some dates to help us place the life and work of Galileo in the context of history: Literature as an Invitation to Spiritual Growthĭiscussion Guide by The Rev.
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